AI chatbots including ChatGPT and Meta's Llama systematically discriminates against non-standard dialect speakers, showing 19% more stereotyping and 25% more demeaning content compared to standard English, according to multiple 2024-2025 studies from UC Berkeley, Cornell, and German universities.
Real-world harms include Amazon's Rufus assistants giving incorrect responses to African American English speakers, ChatGPT changing an Indian job applicant's Dalit-associated surname to a higher-caste name, and a UK council AI failing to understand a Derbyshire dialect.
Researchers warn that as AI becomes embedded in education, hiring, and government services, these biases may amplify existing discrimination, though developers say specialized models for dialect speakers and system corrections could address the problem.
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